Jakarta,-Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) berencana menginisiasi pengembangan vaksin demam berdarah dengue (DBD) buatan Indonesia. Hal itu disampaikan Peneliti Pengembangan Vaksin di Pusat Riset Vaksin dan Obat Organisasi Riset Kesehatan BRIN Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo.
Menurutnya, pengembangan vaksin tersebut rencananya menggunakan metode partikel mirip virus (VLP). Ini yang dapat memicu terbentuknya antibodi.
“Partikel yang mirip virus ini nanti tak memiliki material genetik di dalamnya. Sehingga dia tidak radikal seperti virus aslinya yang bersifat infeksius,” kata Doddy, Minggu (15/10/2023).
Ia menyampaikan partikel tersebut dapat menampilkan epitop atau molekul yang bersifat antigenik. Ini dari empat jenis serotipe virus DBD, yakni DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, dan DENV-4, secara sekaligus.
“Sehingga keempat serotipe tersebut dapat secara bersamaan dikenali tubuh. Dalam satu partikel mirip virus yang dimuat dalam vaksin,” ujarnya.
Doddy mengatakan metode yang digunakan dalam pengembangan vaksin DBD buatan Indonesia berbeda dengan dua vaksin yang sudah beredar. Yakni Dengvaxia dan Qdenga yang sama-sama menggunakan metode pelemahan virus.
Menurutnya, melalui metode VLP, efektivitas vaksin yang dikembangkan Indonesia bisa mencapai 90-95 persen. Untuk itu, ia menyampaikan proses pengembangan vaksin bisa memakan waktu 5-10 tahun.
Hal ini dikarenakan dalam proses pembuatannya, mesti melalui uji klinis, keamanan, persetujuan peraturan, serta proses produksi masal. Ia mengatakan setelah vaksin tersebut berhasil diproduksi, masyarakat diharapkan bisa menerimanya secara gratis.
“Pada saat ke masyarakat harganya bisa lebih murah. Atau bahkan gratis,” katanya.
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